Benedict, Ruth F. The Concept of the Guardian Spirit in North America. 1923; rpt. New York, Kraus Reprint, 1970.

--------"The Vision in Plains Culture." American Anthropologist, 24: (Jan.-March, 1922), 1-23. On the Sioux seeking visions and lacerating themselves.

Bennett, John. "The Development of Ethnological Theory as Illustrated by Studies of the Plains Sun Dance." American Anthropologist, 46:2 (April-June, 1944), 162-81.

Black Elk, Nicholas, and John G. Neihardt. Black Elk Speaks. Being the Life Story of a Holly Man of the Oglala Sioux. 1932. Reprinted a number of times in the 1960's, 70s, and '80s.

Blacksmith, May. "The Peace Pipe." Indians at Work, I August 1936, pp. 35-36. Relates the origin of the peace pipe and the power it contains in modern times by an Oglala Sioux.

Blish, Helen M. "Ethical Conceptions of the Oglala Dakota." Univ. of Nebraska University Studies, 26-3-4 (July-Oct., 1926), 79-123. Includes descriptions of several ceremonies.

Brown, Joseph Epes, and Nicholas Black Elk. The Sacred Pipe. Norman: Univ. of Oklahoma Press, 1953, Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1971. On the seven rites of the sacred pipe as told by Black Elk

Brown, Joseph Epes. The Spiritual Legacy of the American Indian. Lebanon, PA: Sowers Printing Co., 1970. 32 pp.

Deloria, Ella. "The Sun Dance of the Oglala Sioux." Journal of American Folklore, 42 (Oct.Dec., 1929), 354-413. By a noted Sioux author.

Deloria, Vine J., Jr. God is Red. New York. Grosset and Dunlap, 1973. 376 pp. By a noted Sioux author.

DeMellie, Raymond J. The Sixth Grandfather: Black Elk's Teachings Given to John J. Neihardt. Lincoln: Univ. of Nebraska Press, 1984. This contains "in full the notes of the interviews, the direct words of Black Elk as interpreted into English" and recorded by Neihardt's daughters Enid and Hilda.

DeMellie, Raymond J., and Douglas R. Parks, eds. Sioux Indian Religion. Norman: Univ. of Oklahoma Press, 1987. Includes sections on "Foundations of Traditional Sioux Religion," "Christianity and the Sioux," "Traditional Religion in the Contemporary Context." A number of essays are by Sioux, including Arthur Armiotte, Vine Deloria, Sr., Arval Looking Horse, Beatrice Medicine, and Mercy Poor Man.

Eastman, Charles A. The Soul of the Indian. Boston & New York: Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1911. 170 pp. Notable early book by a Sioux. Has been reprinted.

Holy Dance, Robert. "The Seven Pipes of the Dakota Sioux." Plains Anthropologist, 15:48 (May 1970), 81-82. A Sioux from St. Francis on the Rosebud Res. writes about the 7 rites of the pipe.

Hoover, Herbert T., ed. "Interview: Noah White." South Dakota Review, 8:3 (Autumn 1970), 171-77. White, a Winnebago, married to an eastern Sioux, lives on the Prairie Island Res. in Minnesota where he is a leader in the Native American (Peyote) Church. He explains the meaning of peyote.

Hultkrantz, Ake. "Conceptions of the Soul Among North American Indians: A Study of Religious Ethnology". Stockholm: The Ethnological Museum of Sweden, 1953.

--------"North American Indian Religion in the History of Research: A General Survey. Part 1", History of Religions, 6:2 (Nov. 1966), 91-107; "Part II," Hist. of Rel., 6:3 (Feb.-1967), 83-207; "Part III", Hist. of Rel., 7:1 (August 1967), 13-34; "Part IV," Hist. of Rel., 7:2 (Nov.1967), 112-48.

Hurt, Wesley R. "Factors in the Persistence of Peyote in the Northern Plains." Plains Anthropologist, 5:9 (May 1960), 16-27. Focuses on the Sioux.

Jorgensen, Joseph G. The Sun Dance Religion: Power for the Powerless. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974. Very little on the Sioux in this book.

LaBarre, Weston. The Ghost Dance-Origins of Religion. Garden City, NY:. Doubleday, 1970.

Laubin, Reginald, and Gladys Laubin. "Story of the Peace Pipe." Norman: Univ. of Oklahoma Press, 1977. A 16mm color film in the Plains Indian Culture Series, available by purchase only. Addresses the traditions and importance of the Peacepipe in Sioux religion.

Lawson, Paul E., and C. Patrick Morris. "The Native American Church and the New Court: The Smith Case and Indian Religious Freedoms." American Indian Culture and Research Journal, 15:1 (1991), 79-91. The Supreme Court ruled the state has the right to ban the sacramental use of peyote & therefore can interfere in cases involving what used to be thought of as the arena of religious freedom.

Lynd, James W. "The Religion of the Dakotas." Collections of the Minnesota Hist. Soc. 2, Rpt 2 (1889), 150-74. These observations by an educated trader who lived among the eastern Sioux for a number of years are quoted often for his insights into Sioux Religious Philosophy. Contains perhaps the first written description of the Yuwipi ceremony.

Mails, Thomas E. Dog Soldiers, Bear Men, and Buffalo Women: A Study of the Societies and Cults of the Plains Indians. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973.

Malan, Vernon D., and Clinton J. Jesser. The Dakota Indian Religion. South Dakota Experiment Station Bulletin No. 473. Brookings SD: South Dakota State College, 1959. Explains the differences in Sioux and non-Indian value systems.

Morton, Edward Delor. To Touch the Wind: An Introduction to Native American Philosophy & Beliefs. Dubuque, IA. Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1988. 112 pp. This is "a somewhat rambling hodgepodge of some accurate [material] . . . and some that is grossly inaccurate." It is "quite unsatisfactory." (John F. Boatman, U. of Wis., Milwaukee in AICRJ

Powers, William K. Oglala Religion. 1975; rpt. Lincoln: Univ. of Nebraska Press, 1977. 233 PP.

--------Yuwipi: Vision and Experience in Oglala Ritual. Lincoln: Univ. of Nebraska Press, 1982. An account of this important Sioux religious ceremony used frequently for locating lost articles.

Stewart, Omer C. Peyote Religion, A History. Norman & London: Univ. of Oklahoma Press, 1987. 454 pp. This is the best History of peyotism among American Indians. Maybe as many as 200,000 practice this. A fascinating encyclopedic history of this religion.

Walker, James R. Lakota Belief and Ritual. Ed. Raymond J. DeMallie and Elaine A. Jahner. Lincoln: Univ. of Nebraska Press, 1980. Essential for an understanding of the beliefs of the Western Sioux and their customs.

---------Lakota Myth. Ed. Elaine A. Jahner. Lincoln: Univ. of Nebraska Press, 1983. An important volume containing a description of the mythology of the Western Sioux and legends told by George Sword, Left Heron, Bad Wound, & Others. Essential for knowing Sioux literature and belief

--------"Oglala Metaphysics." In Teachings from the American Earth. Ed. Dennis Tedlock and Barbara Tedlock. New York. Liveright, 1975, pp. 205-18.